Download MendeleyRole of Tryptophan 95 in substrate specificity and structural stability of Sulfolobus solfataricus alcohol dehydrogenase
Pennacchio, A., Esposito, L., Zagari, A., Rossi, M., Raia, C.A.(2009) Extremophiles 13: 751-761
- PubMed: 19588068
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-009-0256-0
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:
3I4C - PubMed Abstract:
A mutant of the thermostable NAD(+)-dependent (S)-stereospecific alcohol dehydrogenase from Sulfolobus solfataricus (SsADH) which has a single substitution, Trp95Leu, located at the substrate binding pocket, was fully characterized to ascertain the role of Trp95 in discriminating between chiral secondary alcohols suggested by the wild-type SsADH crystallographic structure. The Trp95Leu mutant displays no apparent activity with short-chain primary and secondary alcohols and poor activity with aromatic substrates and coenzyme. Moreover, the Trp --> Leu substitution affects the structural stability of the archaeal ADH, decreasing its thermal stability without relevant changes in secondary structure. The double mutant Trp95Leu/Asn249Tyr was also purified to assist in crystallographic analysis. This mutant exhibits higher activity but decreased affinity toward aliphatic alcohols, aldehydes as well as NAD(+) and NADH compared to the wild-type enzyme. The crystal structure of the Trp95Leu/Asn249Tyr mutant apo form, determined at 2.0 A resolution, reveals a large local rearrangement of the substrate site with dramatic consequences. The Leu95 side-chain conformation points away from the catalytic metal center and the widening of the substrate site is partially counteracted by a concomitant change of Trp117 side chain conformation. Structural changes at the active site are consistent with the reduced activity on substrates and decreased coenzyme binding.
Organizational Affiliation:
Istituto di Biochimica delle Proteine, CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131, Naples, Italy.
