4FDI

The molecular basis of mucopolysaccharidosis IV A


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.20 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.211 
  • R-Value Work: 0.164 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.166 

Starting Model: experimental
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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


This is version 2.3 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

The Structure of Human GALNS Reveals the Molecular Basis for Mucopolysaccharidosis IV A.

Rivera-Colon, Y.Schutsky, E.K.Kita, A.Z.Garman, S.C.

(2012) J Mol Biol 423: 736-751

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2012.08.020
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    4FDI, 4FDJ

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Lysosomal enzymes catalyze the breakdown of macromolecules in the cell. In humans, loss of activity of a lysosomal enzyme leads to an inherited metabolic defect known as a lysosomal storage disorder. The human lysosomal enzyme galactosamine-6-sulfatase (GALNS, also known as N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase and GalN6S; E.C. 3.1.6.4) is deficient in patients with the lysosomal storage disease mucopolysaccharidosis IV A (also known as MPS IV A and Morquio A). Here, we report the three-dimensional structure of human GALNS, determined by X-ray crystallography at 2.2Å resolution. The structure reveals a catalytic gem diol nucleophile derived from modification of a cysteine side chain. The active site of GALNS is a large, positively charged trench suitable for binding polyanionic substrates such as keratan sulfate and chondroitin-6-sulfate. Enzymatic assays on the insect-cell-expressed human GALNS indicate activity against synthetic substrates and inhibition by both substrate and product. Mapping 120 MPS IV A missense mutations onto the structure reveals that a majority of mutations affect the hydrophobic core of the structure, indicating that most MPS IV A cases result from misfolding of GALNS. Comparison of the structure of GALNS to paralogous sulfatases shows a wide variety of active-site geometries in the family but strict conservation of the catalytic machinery. Overall, the structure and the known mutations establish the molecular basis for MPS IV A and for the larger MPS family of diseases.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase
A, B
502Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: GALNS
EC: 3.1.6.4
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P34059 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P34059 
Go to UniProtKB:  P34059
PHAROS:  P34059
GTEx:  ENSG00000141012 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP34059
Glycosylation
Glycosylation Sites: 2Go to GlyGen: P34059-1
Sequence Annotations
Expand
  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Ligands 4 Unique
IDChains Name / Formula / InChI Key2D Diagram3D Interactions
NAG
Query on NAG

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
C [auth A],
D [auth A],
H [auth B],
I [auth B]
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
C8 H15 N O6
OVRNDRQMDRJTHS-FMDGEEDCSA-N
CIT
Query on CIT

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
F [auth A],
K [auth B]
CITRIC ACID
C6 H8 O7
KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
GOL
Query on GOL

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
G [auth A],
L [auth B]
GLYCEROL
C3 H8 O3
PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CA
Query on CA

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
E [auth A],
J [auth B]
CALCIUM ION
Ca
BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Modified Residues  1 Unique
IDChains TypeFormula2D DiagramParent
DDZ
Query on DDZ
A, B
L-PEPTIDE LINKINGC3 H7 N O4ALA
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.20 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.211 
  • R-Value Work: 0.164 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.166 
  • Space Group: P 1 21 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 61.372α = 90
b = 155.522β = 113.76
c = 62.555γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
DENZOdata reduction
SCALEPACKdata scaling
AMoREphasing
REFMACrefinement
PDB_EXTRACTdata extraction
HKL-2000data collection
HKL-2000data reduction

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2012-09-05
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2012-09-19
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2012-10-31
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.3: 2017-11-15
    Changes: Refinement description
  • Version 2.0: 2020-07-29
    Type: Remediation
    Reason: Carbohydrate remediation
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations, Polymer sequence, Structure summary
  • Version 2.1: 2023-09-13
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Refinement description, Structure summary
  • Version 2.2: 2023-12-06
    Changes: Data collection, Derived calculations
  • Version 2.3: 2024-11-06
    Changes: Structure summary