5ABW

Neutrophil elastase inhibitors for the treatment of (cardio)pulmonary diseases


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.60 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.194 
  • R-Value Work: 0.158 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.160 

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


This is version 2.1 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Neutrophil elastase inhibitors for the treatment of (cardio)pulmonary diseases: Into clinical testing with pre-adaptive pharmacophores.

von Nussbaum, F.Li, V.M.

(2015) Bioorg Med Chem Lett 25: 4370-4381

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.08.049
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    5ABW

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is linked with an increased risk of suffering from lung emphysema. This discovery from the 1960s led to the development of the protease-antiprotease (im)balance hypothesis: Overshooting protease concentrations, especially high levels of elastase were deemed to have an destructive effect on lung tissue. Consequently, it was postulated that efficient elastase inhibitors could alleviate the situation in patients. However, despite intensive drug discovery efforts, even five decades later, no neutrophil elastase inhibitors are available for a disease-modifying treatment of (cardio)pulmonary diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Here, we critically review the attempts to develop effective human neutrophil elastase inhibitors while strongly focussing on recent developments. On purpose and with perspective distortion we focus on recent developments. One aim of this review is to classify the known HNE inhibitors into several generations, according to their binding modes. In general, there seem to be three major challenges in the development of suitable elastase inhibitors: (1) assuring sufficient potency, (2) securing selectivity, and (3) achieving metabolic stability especially under pathophysiological conditions. Impressive achievements have been made since 2001 with the identification of potent nonreactive, reversible small molecule inhibitors. The most modern inhibitors bind HNE via an induced fit with a frozen bioactive conformation that leads to a significant boost in potency, selectivity, and stability ('pre-adaptive pharmacophores'). These 5th generation inhibitors might succeed in re-establishing the protease-antiprotease balance in patients for the first time.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Bayer HealthCare AG, Medicinal Chemistry Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: franz.nussbaum@bayer.com.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
NEUTROPHIL ELASTASE218Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
EC: 3.4.21.37
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P08246 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P08246 
Go to UniProtKB:  P08246
PHAROS:  P08246
GTEx:  ENSG00000197561 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP08246
Glycosylation
Glycosylation Sites: 1Go to GlyGen: P08246-1
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Oligosaccharides

Help

Entity ID: 2
MoleculeChains Length2D Diagram Glycosylation3D Interactions
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-[alpha-L-fucopyranose-(1-6)]2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
B
3N-Glycosylation
Glycosylation Resources
GlyTouCan:  G21290RB
GlyCosmos:  G21290RB
GlyGen:  G21290RB
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.60 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.194 
  • R-Value Work: 0.158 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.160 
  • Space Group: P 63
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 73.225α = 90
b = 73.225β = 90
c = 70.475γ = 120
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
REFMACrefinement
SAINTdata reduction
SADABSdata scaling
MOLREPphasing

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2015-08-19
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2017-03-22
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2018-05-23
    Changes: Data collection, Structure summary
  • Version 2.0: 2020-07-29
    Type: Remediation
    Reason: Carbohydrate remediation
    Changes: Atomic model, Data collection, Derived calculations, Other, Structure summary
  • Version 2.1: 2024-11-13
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Structure summary