The GPS motif is found in GPCRs, and is the site for auto-proteolysis, so is thus named, GPS [1-4]. The GPS motif is a conserved sequence of ~40 amino acids containing canonical cysteine and tryptophan residues, and is the most highly conserved part ...
The GPS motif is found in GPCRs, and is the site for auto-proteolysis, so is thus named, GPS [1-4]. The GPS motif is a conserved sequence of ~40 amino acids containing canonical cysteine and tryptophan residues, and is the most highly conserved part of the domain. In most, if not all, cell-adhesion GPCRs these undergo autoproteolysis in the GPS between a conserved aliphatic residue (usually a leucine) and a threonine, serine, or cysteine residue [5]. In higher eukaryotes this motif is found embedded in the C-terminal beta-stranded part of a GAIN domain - GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN), described as subdomain B, The GAIN-GPS domain/subdomain B adopts a fold in which the GPS motif, at the C-terminus, forms five beta-strands that, together with subdomain A, forms the overall GAIN domain [7]. The GPS motif, evolutionarily conserved from tetrahymena to mammals, is the only extracellular domain shared by all human cell-adhesion GPCRs and PKD proteins, and is the locus of multiple human disease mutations. The GAIN-GPS domain is both necessary and sufficient functionally for autoproteolysis, suggesting an autoproteolytic mechanism whereby the overall GAIN domain fine-tunes the chemical environment in the GPS to catalyse peptide bond hydrolysis [6]. In the cell-adhesion GPCRs and PKD proteins, the GPS motif is always located at the end of their long N-terminal extracellular regions, immediately before the first transmembrane helix of the respective protein.
This presumed GAIN domain is found in human Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor G2 (ADGRG2) and similar proteins. ADGRG2 is an orphan receptor that plays an important regulatory role in male fertility [1]. Although the endogenous ligand for ADGRG2 is ...
This presumed GAIN domain is found in human Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor G2 (ADGRG2) and similar proteins. ADGRG2 is an orphan receptor that plays an important regulatory role in male fertility [1]. Although the endogenous ligand for ADGRG2 is currently unknown, ADGRG2 is known to play important roles for maintaining chloride/acid-base homeostasis through coupling to the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator [2]. ADGRG2 is a multidomain protein. This domain, which is predicted to adopt an alpha-beta structure, is usually found associated with Pfam:PF00002.
This entry represents the Sperm protein, Enterokinase and Agrin (SEA) domain found in the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor Gpr126/ADGRG6. The domain adopts a ferredoxin-like alpha/beta sandwich fold and is located between the PTX and HormR domain ...
This entry represents the Sperm protein, Enterokinase and Agrin (SEA) domain found in the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor Gpr126/ADGRG6. The domain adopts a ferredoxin-like alpha/beta sandwich fold and is located between the PTX and HormR domains in the extracellular region. In human GPR126, this domain contains a furin cleavage site that is conserved in many mammals and birds. After cleavage, the domain remains intact until mechanical force causes separation, similar to SEA domains in other proteins like Mucins and Notch. The SEA domain plays a role in regulating receptor function through proteolytic processing and mechanical force sensing.
