Lysine-specific demethylase REF6

UniProtKB accession:  Q9STM3

Grouped By:  Matching UniProtKB accession

UniProtKB description:  Histone demethylase that demethylates 'Lys-27' (H3K27me) of histone H3, thus acting as a positive regulator of gene expression (PubMed:33107825). Demethylates both tri- (H3K27me3) and di-methylated (H3K27me2) H3K27me (PubMed:21642989, PubMed:27111035, PubMed:33107825). Demethylates also H3K4me3/2 and H3K36me3/2 in an in vitro assay (PubMed:20711170). Involved in the transcriptional regulation of hundreds of genes regulating developmental patterning and responses to various stimuli (PubMed:18467490). Binds DNA via its four zinc fingers in a sequence-specific manner, 5'-CTCTG(C/T)T(C/T)-3' (5'-CTCTGYTY-3'), with a preference for hypo-methylated status (e.g. cytosine methylation), to promote the demethylation of H3K27me3 and recruit the chromatin remodeler BRM in order to activate gene expression (PubMed:27111034, PubMed:27111035, PubMed:31048693, PubMed:32257379). Participates in the regulation of organ boundary formation (PubMed:27111034, PubMed:27111035, PubMed:31048693, PubMed:32257379). Bind mostly motifs located in active chromatin states which are depleted for heterochromatic modifications (PubMed:31048693). Involved in the regulation of flowering time by repressing FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) expression (PubMed:15377760, PubMed:32392578, PubMed:33107825). Stimulates lateral roots formation (e.g. primordium initiation and emergence) via the epigenetic de-repression of PIN genes such as PIN1, PIN3 and PIN7 directly by modulating the methylation status of their loci (PubMed:30267471). Interacts with the NF-Y complex to regulate SOC1 (PubMed:25105952). Mediates the recruitment of BRM to its target loci (PubMed:27111034). Together with EEN, involved in the epigenetic chromatin-dependent regulatory mechanism that monitors the expression of the essential multifunctional plant stress regulator EIN2 via H3K27me3 repressive histone demethylation and histone variant H2A.Z eviction, thus modulating responses to ethylene (ET), especially during embryogenesis (PubMed:31418686). Eluviates seed dormancy by triggering abscisic acid (ABA) catabolism in seeds via the induction of CYP707A1 and CYP707A3 expression, genes involved in ABA degradation; binds directly to CYP707A1 and CYP707A3 loci to reduce their H3K27me3 levels in developing siliques (PubMed:33037128). Required for systemic acquired resistance (SAR) toward pathogenic bacteria (e.g. Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000 (avrPto)) (PubMed:32392578). Together with FLD and MSI4/FVE, contributes to dehydroabietinal-dependent (DA, a diterpenoid tricyclic diterpene) activation of flowering ans SAR (PubMed:32392578). Binds to the HSFA2 chromatin region to alleviate H3K27me3 repressive marks and trigger its expression in response to heat in a BRM-dependent manner (PubMed:30778176). Involved in the mechanisms necessary for quick response to heat and subsequent heritable transgenerational memory of heat acclimation (global warming) such as early flowering and attenuated immunity; this process includes epigenetic regulation as well as post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) (PubMed:30778176). In response to heat, HSFA2 is activated and promotes the expression of REF6 which in turn derepresses HSFA2, thus establishing a heritable feedback loop able to trigger SGIP1 and subsequent SGIP1-mediated SGS3 degradation; this prevents the biosynthesis of trans-acting siRNA (tasiRNA) and leads to the release of HTT5, which drives early flowering but attenuates immunity (PubMed:30778176).