Metformin is a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent and first-line pharmacotherapy used in the management of type II diabetes.[L12207,A176173] Metformin is considered an antihyperglycemic drug because it lowers blood glucose concentrations in type II diabetes without causing hypoglycemia. It is commonly described as an "insulin sensitizer", leading to a decrease in insulin resistance and a clinically significant reduction of plasma fasting insulin levels.[A176173] Another well-known benefit of this drug is modest weight loss, making it an effective choice for obese patients type II diabetes.[A36559] Metformin was first approved in Canada in 1972,[A36552] and received subsequent FDA approval in the US in 1995.[L12207]
Synonyms
Metforminum
Metformina
Metformin
Dimethylbiguanid
Metformin hydrochloride
1,1-Dimethylbiguanide
Metformine
Brand Names
Pioglitazone and Metformin Hydrocholride
Metformin Fc
Auro-metformin
Prandimet
Bci Metformin
Icandra
Metformin hydrochloride ER
Glucovance
Metformin Hydrochloride ER
Janumet XR
Acc-metformin
Mint-metformin
Sitagliptin/metfo Rmin Hydrochloride Mylan
Priva-metformin
Metformin Hydrochloride Extended Release
Ebymect
Metformin Hydrochloride
Ava-metformin
Actoplus Met XR
Glipizide and Metformin Hydrochloride
Ran-metformin
Sandoz Sitagliptin-metformin
Vildagliptin/metfo Rmin Hydrochloride Accord
Pmsc-metformin
Sitagliptin - Metformin
Pioglitazole and metformin hydrochloride
Metformin Hydrochloride Oral Solution
Teva-metformin
Pioglitazone and metformin
Pioglitazone HCL and Metformin HCL
Sitagliptin/metfor Min Hydrochloride Mylan
Glipizide and metformin hcl
Avandamet
Reddy-sitagliptin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Synjardy
Dm2
Sitagliptin/metformin Hydrochloride Accord
Vokanamet
Glipizide and Metformin HCl
Apo-metformin ER
Gpc-metformin XR
Ag-metformin
Glumetza (sb)
Metformin-Hcl
Trijardy XR
Metformin Hydrochloride Extended-Release 500mg
Metfomin Hydrochloride
Appformin-D
Jamp Metformin
METFORMIN Hydrochloride
Komboglyze
Repaglinide and Metformin Hydrochloride
Glycon
Competact
Q-metformin
Sandoz Metformin Fc
Ach-metformin
Compresso MF 95P
PMS-sitagliptin-metformin
Apo-sitagliptin-metformin
Ristfor
PMS-metformin
GlipiZIDE and Metformin Hydrochloride
Glumetza
Appformin
Xigduo
Fortamet
Glucophage XR
Apo-metformin
Med Metformin Tablets 500mg
Metformin
Bio-metformin
Metformin Hydrochloride E/r
Jamp-metformin Blackberry
Xigduo XR
Pioglitazone and Metformin Hydrochloride
Sandoz Metformin XR
Metformin-850
Qternmet XR
Metformin ER 750 mg
Prz-metformin
Segluromet
Septa-metformin
Jentadueto XR
Glyburide and Metformin Hydrochloride
Riva-metformin
Metformin Tablets 500mg
Nra-metformin
PMS-rosiglitazone-metformin
Glyburide Micronized and Metformin Hydrochloride
Mylan-metformin
Sitagliptin Phosphate/Metformin Hydrochloride
Synjardy XR
Glucophage
Pg-metformin
Apo-dapagliflozin-metformin
Zomarist
Metformin hydrochloride
Metformin Hcl
Alogliptin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Sandoz Sitagliptin-metformin XR
Metformin Tablets
Ntp-metformin
Invokamet XR
Velmetia
Glyburide-Metformin Hydrochloride
Ecl-metformin
Glyburide and Metformin
Saxagliptin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Kombiglyze XR
Metformin ER 500 mg
Glyburide-metformin Hydrochloride
Glyburide (micronized) and Metformin Hydrochloride
Rhoxal-metformin
Vipdomet
Riomet ER
Van-metformin
Sitagliptin-metformin
GLIPIZIDE and METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE
Metformin HCl ER
Metformin Hydrochoride
PHL-metformin
Jentadueto
Metformin-500 - Tab 500mg
Riomet
Janumet
Auro-dapagliflozin / Metformin
Efficib
Metformin Hydrochloride Extended-Release
Metaglip
Orb-metformin
PMS-metformin - Tab 500mg
Apo-sitagliptin/metformin XR
Ipg-metformin
Vildagliptin/metformin Hydrochloride Accord
Invokamet
Glubrava
Dom-metformin
Mar-metformin
Pioglitazone Hydrochloride and Metformin Hydrochloride
Sitagliptin Metformin Hydrochloride Mylan
Sitagliptin/metformin Hydrochloride Sun
Kazano
Metformin HCl
Saxagliptin and Metformin
Ratio-metformin
Actoplus Met
Dapagliflozin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Eucreas
Pro-metformin
Indication
**Metformin immediate-release formulations** Metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and pediatric patients ≥10 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus.[L40243] **Metformin extended-release tablet (XR)** The extended-release formulation of metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Safety in children has not been determined to this date.[L12207] **Metformin combination products** Metformin is a component of a variety of combination products with other anti-diabetic agents. It is indicated, along with diet and exercise, to improve glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with DPP-4 inhibitors ([sitagliptin], [linagliptin], [alogliptin], or [saxagliptin]),[L11479,L40248,L40253,L40258,L40263] in combination with SGLT2 inhibitors ([canagliflozin], [empagliflozin], [ertugliflozin], or [dapagliflozin]),[L11479,L30503,L1134,L13679,L38729] or in combination with [pioglitazone].[L11419]
Categories
Alimentary Tract and Metabolism
Amidines
Biguanides
Blood Glucose Lowering Agents
Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted
Drugs Used in Diabetes
Guanidines
MATE 1 Substrates
MATE 2 Substrates
MATE substrates
OCT1 substrates
OCT2 Inhibitors
OCT2 Substrates
Oral Hypoglycemics
ATC-Code
A10BD23
A10BD02
A10BD18
A10BD11
A10BD25
A10BA02
A10BD22
A10BD14
A10BD16
A10BD17
A10BD05
A10BD15
A10BD07
A10BD10
A10BD13
A10BD26
A10BD20
A10BD08
A10BD27
A10BD03
CAS number
657-24-9
Drug Targets
Name
Target Sequence
Pharmacological Action
Actions
Electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondrial
Drug Info/Drug Targets: DrugBank 3.0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs. Knox C, Law V, Jewison
T, Liu P, Ly S, Frolkis A, Pon A, Banco K, Mak C, Neveu V, Djoumbou Y, Eisner R, Guo AC, Wishart DS.
Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan; 39 (Database issue):D1035-41. | PMID:21059682