1IEI

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN ALDOSE REDUCTASE COMPLEXED WITH THE INHIBITOR ZENARESTAT.

• PDB DOI: https://doi.org/10.2210/pdb1IEI/pdb

• Classification: OXIDOREDUCTASE
• Organism(s): Homo sapiens
• Expression System: Escherichia coli
• Mutation(s): No 


• Deposited: 2001-04-09 Released: 2002-04-10 
• Deposition Author(s): Kinoshita, T., Miyake, H., Fujii, T., Takakura, S., Goto, T.

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Experimental Data Snapshot

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 2.50 Å
• R-Value Free: 0.199 
• R-Value Work: 0.178 

Literature

The structure of human recombinant aldose reductase complexed with the potent inhibitor zenarestat.

Kinoshita, T., Miyake, H., Fujii, T., Takakura, S., Goto, T.

(2002) Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 58: 622-626

• PubMed: 11914486 
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/s0907444902002378
• Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
  1IEI


• PubMed Abstract: 
  

  The crystal structure of the complex of human recombinant aldose reductase (AR) with zenarestat, one of its potent inhibitors, has been solved at 2.5 A resolution. Zenarestat fits neatly in the hydrophobic active site and induces unique and dramatic conformational changes. For example, the benzene ring of zenarestat occupies a gap in the side chains of Leu300 and Trp111 that interact directly and forms a CH-pi interaction in the native holoenzyme. As a result, the benzene ring of the inhibitor and these side chains form a CH-pi-pi interaction. Such structural information is key to understanding the mode of action of this class of inhibitors and for rational design of better therapeutics.

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Organizational Affiliation: 

Exploratory Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 5-2-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2698, Japan. [e-mail]

Biological Assembly 1  

Global Symmetry: Asymmetric - C1 
Global Stoichiometry: Monomer - A1 

Biological assembly 1 assigned by authors and generated by PISA (software)

Macromolecule Content

• Total Structure Weight: 37.08 kDa 
• Atom Count: 2,773 
• Modelled Residue Count: 315 
• Deposited Residue Count: 316 
• Unique protein chains: 1

Macromolecules

Entity ID: 1
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details	Image
ALDOSE REDUCTASE	A	316	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 0  EC: 1.1.1.21 (PDB Primary Data), 1.1.1.372 (UniProt), 1.1.1.300 (UniProt), 1.1.1.54 (UniProt)
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P15121 (Homo sapiens) Explore P15121  Go to UniProtKB:  P15121
PHAROS:  P15121 GTEx:  ENSG00000085662

Small Molecules

Ligands 2 Unique
ID	Chains	Name / Formula / InChI Key	2D Diagram
NAP	B [auth A]	NADP NICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE C21 H28 N7 O17 P3 XJLXINKUBYWONI-NNYOXOHSSA-N
ZES	C [auth A]	[3-(4-BROMO-2-FLUORO-BENZYL)-7-CHLORO-2,4-DIOXO-3,4-DIHYDRO-2H-QUINAZOLIN-1-YL]-ACETIC ACID C17 H11 Br Cl F N2 O4 SXONDGSPUVNZLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Binding Affinity Annotations
ID	Source	Binding Affinity
ZES	BindingDB:  1IEI	IC50: min: 4.4, max: 44 (nM) from 5 assay(s)

Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 2.50 Å
• R-Value Free: 0.199 
• R-Value Work: 0.178 
• Space Group: P 1

Unit Cell:

Length ( Å )	Angle ( ˚ )
a = 40.4	α = 76.2
b = 47.97	β = 76.7
c = 47.66	γ = 67.5

Software Package:

Software Name	Purpose
AMoRE	phasing
X-PLOR	refinement
DENZO	data reduction
SCALEPACK	data scaling

Structure Validation

Entry History 

Deposition Data

• Released Date: 2002-04-10 
Deposition Author(s): Kinoshita, T., Miyake, H., Fujii, T., Takakura, S., Goto, T.

Revision History  

• Version 1.0: 2002-04-10
  Type: Initial release
  
• Version 1.1: 2008-04-27
  Changes: Version format compliance
• Version 1.2: 2011-07-13
  Changes: Version format compliance
• Version 1.3: 2024-03-13
  Changes: Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations