Download MendeleyStructural Basis of the Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase Activity in Neutral Sphingomyelinase from Bacillus cereus.
Ago, H., Oda, M., Takahashi, M., Tsuge, H., Ochi, S., Katunuma, N., Miyano, M., Sakurai, J.(2006) J Biol Chem 281: 16157-16167
- PubMed: 16595670
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M601089200
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:
2DDR, 2DDS, 2DDT - PubMed Abstract:
Sphingomyelinase (SMase) from Bacillus cereus (Bc-SMase) hydrolyzes sphingomyelin to phosphocholine and ceramide in a divalent metal ion-dependent manner. Bc-SMase is a homologue of mammalian neutral SMase (nSMase) and mimics the actions of the endogenous mammalian nSMase in causing differentiation, development, aging, and apoptosis. Thus Bc-SMase may be a good model for the poorly characterized mammalian nSMase. The metal ion activation of sphingomyelinase activity of Bc-SMase was in the order Co2+ > or = Mn2+ > or = Mg2+ >> Ca2+ > or = Sr2+. The first crystal structures of Bc-SMase bound to Co2+, Mg2+, or Ca2+ were determined. The water-bridged double divalent metal ions at the center of the cleft in both the Co2+- and Mg2+-bound forms were concluded to be the catalytic architecture required for sphingomyelinase activity. In contrast, the architecture of Ca2+ binding at the site showed only one binding site. A further single metal-binding site exists at one side edge of the cleft. Based on the highly conserved nature of the residues of the binding sites, the crystal structure of Bc-SMase with bound Mg2+ or Co2+ may provide a common structural framework applicable to phosphohydrolases belonging to the DNase I-like folding superfamily. In addition, the structural features and site-directed mutagenesis suggest that the specific beta-hairpin with the aromatic amino acid residues participates in binding to the membrane-bound sphingomyelin substrate.
Organizational Affiliation:
Structural Biophysics Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Harima Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan. ago@spring8.or.jp
