Download MendeleyDesign of Highly Potent, Dual-Acting and Central-Nervous-System-Penetrating HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors with Excellent Potency against Multidrug-Resistant HIV-1 Variants.
Ghosh, A.K., Rao, K.V., Nyalapatla, P.R., Kovela, S., Brindisi, M., Osswald, H.L., Sekhara Reddy, B., Agniswamy, J., Wang, Y.F., Aoki, M., Hattori, S.I., Weber, I.T., Mitsuya, H.(2018) ChemMedChem 13: 803-815
- PubMed: 29437300
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cmdc.201700824
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:
6BZ2 - PubMed Abstract:
Herein we report the design, synthesis, X-ray structural, and biological studies of an exceptionally potent HIV-1 protease inhibitor, compound 5 ((3S,7aS,8S)-hexahydro-4H-3,5-methanofuro[2,3-b]pyran-8-yl ((2S,3R)-4-((2-(cyclopropylamino)-N-isobutylbenzo[d]thiazole)-6-sulfonamido)-1-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-hydroxybutan-2-yl)carbamate). Using structure-based design, we incorporated an unprecedented 6-5-5-ring-fused crown-like tetrahydropyranofuran as the P2-ligand, a cyclopropylaminobenzothiazole as the P2'-ligand, and a 3,5-difluorophenylmethyl group as the P1-ligand. The resulting inhibitor 5 exhibited exceptional HIV-1 protease inhibitory and antiviral potency at the picomolar level. Furthermore, it displayed antiviral IC 50 values in the picomolar range against a wide panel of highly multidrug-resistant HIV-1 variants. The inhibitor shows an extremely high genetic barrier against the emergence of drug-resistant variants. It also showed extremely potent inhibitory activity toward dimerization as well as favorable central nervous system penetration. We determined a high-resolution X-ray crystal structure of the complex between inhibitor 5 and HIV-1 protease, which provides molecular insight into the unprecedented activity profiles observed.
Organizational Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
